Abstract

Gut dysbiosis causes damage to the intestinal barrier and is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We tested the potential protective effects of probiotic BL21 and LRa05 on gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes mellitus mice and determined whether these effects were related to the modulation of gut microbiota. Thirty specific pathogen-free C57BL/6J mice were randomly allocated to three groups—the (CTL) control group, HFD/STZ model (T2DM) group, and HFD/STZ-probiotic intervention (PRO) group—and intragastrically administered strains BL21 and LRa05 for 11 weeks. The administration of strains BL21 and LRa05 significantly regulated blood glucose levels, accompanied by ameliorated oxidative stress in mice. The BL21/LRa05-treated mice were protected from liver, cecal, and colon damage. Microbiota analysis showed that the cecal and fecal microbiota of the mice presented significantly different spatial distributions from one another. Principal coordinate analysis results indicated that both T2DM and the BL21/LRa05 intervention had significant efects on the cecal contents and fecal microbiota structure. In terms of the fecal microbiota, an abundance of Akkermansia and Anaeroplasma was noted in the PRO group. In terms of the cecal content microbiota, enrichment of Akkermansia, Desulfovibrio, Bifdobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Limosilactobacillus was noted in the PRO group. The probiotics BL21 and LRa05 prevent or ameliorate T2DM by regulating the intestinal flora and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Our results suggest that BL21 and LRa05 colonize in the cecum. Thus, BL21/LRa05 combined with probiotics having a strong ability to colonize in the colon may achieve better thera-peutic effects in T2DM. Our study illustrated the feasibility and benefits of the combined use of probiotics and implied the importance of intervening at multiple intestinal sites in T2DM mice.

Keywords T2DM, Probiotics, Gut microbiota, Spatial structure, Inflammation

Introduction

The occurrence and development of T2DM is involved a variety of molecular mechanisms associated with the gut microbiota. Probiotics are thought to play an important role in glucose homeostasis and maintaining the balance of the gut microbiota. In this study, probiotics BL21 and LRa05 was gavaged to T2DM mice to investigate their effects on gut microbiota, aming to provide valuable data for further exploring the effects of probiotics in alleviating T2DM in terms of passing through the gut microbiota.

Study Design

Main Results

Low fasting blood glucose

BL21/LRa05 increased the Simpson index of gut microbiota, indicating that probiotics improved the richness and evenness of gut microbiota in T2DM mice. β- Diversity also indicated the composition of gut microbiota was closer to that of normal mice. The potential pathogenic bacteria Escherichia/Shigella were significantly enriched in the feces and cecal contents of T2DM mice, while beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia, Bifdobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Limosilicactobacillus were found to be enriched in BL21/LRa05 mice.

Conclusion

BL21/LRa05 with 1B CFU/day were administered to mice for 11 weeks. It was found that the compound probiotics regulated blood sugar levels, improved oxidative stress, and had liver protection and anti-inflammatory activities. The cecum and colon damage caused by intestinal microbial imbalance was also alleviated to a certain extent. There are more

abundant beneficial bacteria in the gut microbiota of BL21/LRa05 intervention mice, indicating the feasibility and effectiveness of compound probiotics in alleviating the symptoms of type 2 diabetes.

Wecare Probiotics Co., Ltd. is a national high-tech enterprise specializing in the research and development, production, and application of probiotic strains, intestinal flora, human health, and fermented food strains. We provide probiotic powder, fermented food strains, probiotic preparations, and application solutions for various fields including food, dairy products, health food, precision medicine, cosmeceuticals and agricultural microecology.