Hydrogen Energy Storage Industry

The global hydrogen energy storage market was estimated to be worth USD 15.97 billion in 2023. It is projected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.5% between 2024 and 2030. This expected growth is largely attributed to the rapid pace of industrialization in developing countries and the growing adoption of alternative energy sources. In particular, the United States market is anticipated to experience notable expansion throughout the forecast period, primarily due to continuous advancements in research and development, along with the initiation and scaling up of comprehensive hydrogen storage infrastructure projects.

A major initiative contributing to this progress is the Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure Research and Station Technology (H2FIRST) program, which is supported by the Fuel Cell Technologies Office. This initiative is based on both current and future technological developments emerging from national laboratories. It reflects the country’s strategic commitment to strengthening hydrogen storage capabilities through innovation and policy support.

One of the primary goals set by the government is the development and deployment of hydrogen fueling stations that are both cost-effective and energy-efficient. These efforts are intended to enhance accessibility and practicality of hydrogen as a fuel source across various sectors, ultimately stimulating the growth of the hydrogen energy storage market in the United States. Furthermore, the increasing utilization of hydrogen across different industrial applications is expected to serve as a significant driver of market expansion. Hydrogen has versatile uses, such as in oil refineries for industrial processes, in stationary fuel cells for power generation, and as a fuel for fuel cell vehicles. It can also be stored in multiple forms, including cryogenic liquid, compressed gas, or in the form of loosely bonded hydride chemical compounds.

According to data from the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), for hydrogen produced from renewable sources to effectively compete with hydrogen derived from fossil fuels, it must be produced at a cost below USD 2.5 per kilogram. The final cost of hydrogen production is influenced by several variables, such as the geographical location of the production site, the type of market segment targeted, electricity tariffs associated with renewable energy sources, and expected future investments in electrolyzer technology. When production costs are kept low, the deployment of hydrogen-based energy storage systems becomes more economically viable, further propelling market growth.

Additionally, companies operating within the hydrogen sector are often significantly forward-integrated, meaning they not only produce hydrogen but also manage downstream applications. The rising demand for stored hydrogen in various end-use domains—such as fuel cell-powered vehicles, grid balancing services, and telecommunications backup systems—is encouraging industry players to align their production facilities with the specific needs of these sectors. This level of integration supports more efficient delivery and application of hydrogen technologies, helping to consolidate market presence and promote long-term growth.

Curious about the Hydrogen Energy Storage Market, Download your FREE sample copy now and get a sneak peek into the latest insights and trends.

1. What is the current value of the global hydrogen energy storage market?

As of 2023, the hydrogen energy storage market was valued at USD 15.97 billion. This valuation reflects growing interest in alternative energy storage technologies, particularly those that support decarbonization goals, large-scale energy storage, and grid stability.

2. What is the projected growth rate of the hydrogen energy storage market?

The market is projected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.5% from 2024 to 2030. This steady growth rate is supported by the increasing integration of renewable energy sources and the need for reliable long-duration energy storage systems that can balance intermittent generation from solar and wind.

3. What factors are driving the growth of the hydrogen energy storage market?

Multiple key factors are propelling the market forward:

• Rapid industrialization in emerging economies is increasing energy demand, prompting investment in clean energy infrastructure.
• Government initiatives and subsidies for clean fuel technologies are fostering R&D in hydrogen storage solutions.
• Expansion of renewable energy systems is leading to surplus electricity, which can be converted into hydrogen via electrolysis.
• Growing adoption of hydrogen in transportation and industrial sectors, including as fuel for fuel cell vehicles and a feedstock in refineries and chemical manufacturing.

4. What are the main forms in which hydrogen is stored?

Hydrogen can be stored in several physical and chemical forms:

• Compressed hydrogen gas, typically at 350–700 bar, used in mobile and stationary applications.
• Liquefied hydrogen, stored at cryogenic temperatures (~ -253°C), offering higher energy density by volume.
• Metal hydrides and chemical storage, where hydrogen is bound in solid or liquid carriers and released upon demand.

5. Which regions are leading in hydrogen energy storage adoption?

• North America, especially the United States, is leading due to proactive government programs (e.g., H2FIRST), strong private sector participation, and well-developed energy infrastructure.
• Europe is also highly active, driven by the EU’s Green Deal, national hydrogen strategies, and decarbonization mandates.
• Asia Pacific (notably Japan, South Korea, and China) is investing heavily in hydrogen production, storage, and fuel cell vehicle infrastructure.

6. What role does government policy play in the hydrogen energy storage market?

Government support is critical and includes:

• Research and development funding (e.g., the U.S. DOE’s Hydrogen Program).
• Subsidies and incentives for hydrogen infrastructure.
• Mandates and emissions regulations that encourage a shift away from fossil fuels.
• Public-private partnerships that accelerate infrastructure development and market commercialization.

Order a free sample PDF of the Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Intelligence Study, published by Grand View Research.